![]() The properties of the catalyst can also be improved through incorporation into solid supports or by linking metal–oxo clusters together to form Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs), which have been demonstrated to be powerful heterogeneous catalysts. Additionally, the structural versatility of metal–oxo clusters allows for the efficiency and selectivity of the biomolecular reactions they promote to be readily tuned, thereby providing a pathway towards reaction optimization. Furthermore, their reactivity towards biomolecules has also attracted interest in the development of inorganic drugs and bioanalytical tools. For instance, metal–oxo clusters and related materials have been shown to be effective catalysts for biomass conversion into renewable fuels and platform chemicals. This reactivity can be leveraged to address some of the most pressing challenges we face today, from fighting various diseases, such as cancer and viral infections, to the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly energy sources. These nanoclusters of transition metals with oxygen-based ligands have also shown promising reactivity towards several classes of biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, nucleotides, sugars, and lipids. Metal displacement occurs when a more reactive metal forms a cation and displaces a less reactive metal from its compounds.ĥ.Metal–oxo clusters hold great potential in several fields such as catalysis, materials science, energy storage, medicine, and biotechnology. This provides the driving force for metal displacement reaction. In other words, a highly reactive metal prefers to be a cation while its less reactive friend prefers to be a free element. A less reactive metal is a hoarder - it would rather have its valence electrons. The reactivity series tells us how much a metal wants to be a cationĪ more reactive metal donates electrons more readily to form a cation. More reactive metals react more vigorously, increasing the rate of effervescence of hydrogen gas.Ĥ. Secondly, reactivity affects the rate of reaction. ![]() The unreactive metals do not react at all, even when we use strong acid or high temperature.Moderately reactive metals require a higher temperature to react with water.Highly reactive metals are trigger happy, reacting with acids and even water at room temperature.Reactive metal + hydrochloric acid ⟶ metal chloride + hydrogenįirstly, reactivity affects what a metal can react with. Reactive metal + steam ⟶ metal oxide + hydrogen Reactive metal + water ⟶ metal hydroxide + hydrogen ![]() The reactivity series tells us if a reaction will happen and under what conditions Metal The trio sit in the same column within the transition metal hood.ģ. The Trio of Unreactive MetalsĪnd the least reactive metals we need to know are copper, silver, and gold. Lead in Group IV is also moderately reactive. Transition metals are generally less reactive than the main group metals. ![]() Within each group, the metal lower down the group is more reactive. They have the greatest tendency to lose electrons to form cations.įor the four metals we need to know, those from Group I are more reactive than those from Group II. Group I alkali metals and Group II alkaline earth metals are the most reactive. ![]() The reactivity series is written into the Periodic Table! Highly Reactive Group I and II Metals ![]()
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